Abstract :
The analog AC-voltmeter usually can only measure the ideal-sinusoid voltage with
narrow frequency range. Meanwhile, in fact the grid voltage is often not in the form
of an ideal sinusoidal. To be able to measure a non-sinusoidal AC voltage with a
wide range of frequency, a true-RMS voltmeter is needed. The research designed a
true RMS measuring system using an ATmega 328P microcontroller. The input
voltage is converted to pulse using Schmit triger and fed to the microcontroller?s
external interrupt pin to calculate the input signal frequency. Meanwhile the
microcontroller?s ADC sampled the input signal with a frequency of 128 times the
signal?s frequency. RMS voltage calculations are performed using arithmetic
operations for 16 and 32 bit integer variables. The test results show that the system
can measure voltages with zero errors from 100 to 275 volts with a frequency of 50
Hz. The system can also measure voltages with zero errors at 220 volt with
frequencies from 40 Hz to 150 Hz. However, this system can still be used to measure
voltages ranging from 25 volts to 300 volts at frequencies from 35 Hz to 195 Hz
with an average error of 0.21%. During RMS voltage calculation, the
microcontroller?s CPU usage was 13.35%, so that this system can be further
developed.