KERAGAMAN DAN HERITABILITAS SEMBILAN GENOTIPE TANAMAN SORGUM (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) DARI BEBERAPA DAERAH DI JAWA TIMUR
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Institusion
Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang
Author
Pertiwi, Alfionita Bella
Subject
S Agriculture (General)
Datestamp
2019-07-17 06:55:25
Abstract :
In 2011, the Central Bureau of Statistics (BPS) data showed Indonesia's rice imports from a number of countries reached 2.75 million tons with a value of US $ 1.5 billion or 5% of the total domestic demand (Ministry of Industry, 2018). Based on these data, other alternative crops are needed to meet food needs in Indonesia. One alternative food crop to meet food needs in Indonesia is sorghum. Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) is one of the versatile cereal plants that are widely used as a substitute for staple foods. One of the problems faced in the development of sorghum plants is the limited variety of sorghum to be developed further. So it is necessary to do a plant breeding program. This study aims to obtain information on the value of variety and the estimated value of the heritability of nine genotypes of sorghum plants from several regions in East Java. The materials used in this study included 9 genotypes of sorghum seeds (Pasuruan, Lamongan 1, Lamongan 2, Tuban, Sampang 1, Sampang 2, Tulungagung 1, Tulungagung 2, and Jombang) originating from several regions in East Java, compost, soil , manure, and basic fertilizer (SP36, Urea, KCl). While the tools used are agricultural tools, engraving, seed tray, Munsell Plant Tissue Color Book, analytical scales, rulers, and stationery. The design used in this study was a Randomized Block Design (RBD) consisting of 9 genotypes and 3 replications, so that there were 27 experimental units. The variables observed were plant height, number of leaves, stem diameter, number of tillers, panicle length, flowering age, harvest age, seed dry weight per panicle, number of seeds per panicle, fresh weight of 1000 seeds, and dry weight of 1000 seeds. Data obtained from the research results were analyzed using ANOVA (analysis of variant) followed by correlation analysis and cross-print analysis. The analysis uses the Microsoft Excel 2007 and SPSS version 16 programs. Based on the results of the analysis it was obtained information that nine genotypes of local sorghum plants had a variety of phenotype and genotype values that varied from narrow to wide. Plant height variables and number of tillers have a narrow value of genotype diversity. While the estimated heritability of the nine genotypes of local sorghum plants showed a high value except for plant height variables.
In 2011, the Central Bureau of Statistics (BPS) data showed Indonesia's rice imports from a number of countries reached 2.75 million tons with a value of US $ 1.5 billion or 5% of the total domestic demand (Ministry of Industry, 2018). Based on these data, other alternative crops are needed to meet food needs in Indonesia. One alternative food crop to meet food needs in Indonesia is sorghum. Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) is one of the versatile cereal plants that are widely used as a substitute for staple foods. One of the problems faced in the development of sorghum plants is the limited variety of sorghum to be developed further. So it is necessary to do a plant breeding program. This study aims to obtain information on the value of variety and the estimated value of the heritability of nine genotypes of sorghum plants from several regions in East Java. The materials used in this study included 9 genotypes of sorghum seeds (Pasuruan, Lamongan 1, Lamongan 2, Tuban, Sampang 1, Sampang 2, Tulungagung 1, Tulungagung 2, and Jombang) originating from several regions in East Java, compost, soil , manure, and basic fertilizer (SP36, Urea, KCl). While the tools used are agricultural tools, engraving, seed tray, Munsell Plant Tissue Color Book, analytical scales, rulers, and stationery. The design used in this study was a Randomized Block Design (RBD) consisting of 9 genotypes and 3 replications, so that there were 27 experimental units. The variables observed were plant height, number of leaves, stem diameter, number of tillers, panicle length, flowering age, harvest age, seed dry weight per panicle, number of seeds per panicle, fresh weight of 1000 seeds, and dry weight of 1000 seeds. Data obtained from the research results were analyzed using ANOVA (analysis of variant) followed by correlation analysis and cross-print analysis. The analysis uses the Microsoft Excel 2007 and SPSS version 16 programs. Based on the results of the analysis it was obtained information that nine genotypes of local sorghum plants had a variety of phenotype and genotype values that varied from narrow to wide. Plant height variables and number of tillers have a narrow value of genotype diversity. While the estimated heritability of the nine genotypes of local sorghum plants showed a high value except for plant height variables.
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