Respons fungsional burung pentet (Lanius sp.) terhadap belalang kembara (locusta migratoria manilensis (Meyen))
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Institusion
Universitas Gadjah Mada
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Subject
S2 Ilmu Hama Tumbuhan
Datestamp
2019-07-16 00:00:00
Abstract :
(ABSTRAKSI) Penelitian Respons Fungsional burung predator jenis pentet, (Lanius sp. (Passeriformes: Laniidae)) terhadap belalang kembara (Locusta migratoria manilensis (Meyen) (Orthoptera: Acrididae)) telah dilakukan di Laboratorium Pengendalian Hayati dan Rumah Kaca Fakultas Pertanian, UGM. Burung pentet dengan umur yang sama diperoleh dari pasar burung sedangkan belalang kembara berasal dari Sampit, Kalimantan Tengah dibiakkan secara massal di rumah kaca. Belalang kembara yang dipakai dalam penelitian adalah nimfa instar 2, 4 dan imago. Penelitian antara lain menentukan kemampuan memangsa maksimum dan analisis respons fungsional. Prosedur kerja penelitian mengikuti prosedur model Holling. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan memangsa burung pentet terhadap belalang kembara sangat tinggi; terhadap instar 2, 4 dan imago masing-masing 123,8 ekor/45 menit, 28,6 ekor/215 menit dan 12,25 ekor/137 menit. Respons fungsional burung pentet terhadap belalang kembara mengikuti respons fungsional Holling tipe 2. Efisiensi pemangsaan ditunjukkan oleh banyaknya belalang kembara yang dimangsa burung pentet dalam kurun waktu tertentu yakni terhadap instar 2, 4 dan imago belalang kembara sebanyak 0,0169, 0,0079, dan 0,0094 ekor/menit. Daya makan yang tinggi dan respons fungsional yang kuat membuktikan bahwa burung pentet berpotensi sebagai agens pengendalian hayati terhadap belalang kembara. (ABSTRACT) The functional response of predatory bird (Lanius sp. (Passeriformes: Laniidae)) against migratory locust (Locusta migratoria manilensis (Meyen) (Orthoptera: Acrididae)) had been studied at The Biological Control and Green House of the Faculty of Agriculture, Gadjah Mada University. Relatively similar age of the predatory birds were bought at a birdâs market in Yogyakarta. The migratory locusts - obtained from Sampit, Central Borneo - were reared in the green house. Second, fourth, and adult of the migratory locust were used in this trial. Maximum feeding and functional response of the predatory bird against the migratory locust were determined. Research protocol followed Hollingâs model. Results showed that the maximum feeding of the predatory bird was very high i.e. against 2nd and 4th instars and adult of the locust were 123,8 preys/45 minute, 28,6 preys/215 minute, and 12,25 preys/137 minute; respectively. The relationship between predatory bird and migratory locust fitted with the Hollingâ type 2 functional response. High efficiency of the bird predation was showed by its feeding rate for 2nd and 4th instars and adult of the locust i.e. 0.0169, 0.0079 and 0.0094 preys/minute. The high feeding rate and strong functional response of the predatory bird revealed that the bird is promissing as a candidate of biological control agent against the migratory locust.
(ABSTRAKSI) Penelitian Respons Fungsional burung predator jenis pentet, (Lanius sp. (Passeriformes: Laniidae)) terhadap belalang kembara (Locusta migratoria manilensis (Meyen) (Orthoptera: Acrididae)) telah dilakukan di Laboratorium Pengendalian Hayati dan Rumah Kaca Fakultas Pertanian, UGM. Burung pentet dengan umur yang sama diperoleh dari pasar burung sedangkan belalang kembara berasal dari Sampit, Kalimantan Tengah dibiakkan secara massal di rumah kaca. Belalang kembara yang dipakai dalam penelitian adalah nimfa instar 2, 4 dan imago. Penelitian antara lain menentukan kemampuan memangsa maksimum dan analisis respons fungsional. Prosedur kerja penelitian mengikuti prosedur model Holling. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan memangsa burung pentet terhadap belalang kembara sangat tinggi; terhadap instar 2, 4 dan imago masing-masing 123,8 ekor/45 menit, 28,6 ekor/215 menit dan 12,25 ekor/137 menit. Respons fungsional burung pentet terhadap belalang kembara mengikuti respons fungsional Holling tipe 2. Efisiensi pemangsaan ditunjukkan oleh banyaknya belalang kembara yang dimangsa burung pentet dalam kurun waktu tertentu yakni terhadap instar 2, 4 dan imago belalang kembara sebanyak 0,0169, 0,0079, dan 0,0094 ekor/menit. Daya makan yang tinggi dan respons fungsional yang kuat membuktikan bahwa burung pentet berpotensi sebagai agens pengendalian hayati terhadap belalang kembara. (ABSTRACT) The functional response of predatory bird (Lanius sp. (Passeriformes: Laniidae)) against migratory locust (Locusta migratoria manilensis (Meyen) (Orthoptera: Acrididae)) had been studied at The Biological Control and Green House of the Faculty of Agriculture, Gadjah Mada University. Relatively similar age of the predatory birds were bought at a birdâs market in Yogyakarta. The migratory locusts - obtained from Sampit, Central Borneo - were reared in the green house. Second, fourth, and adult of the migratory locust were used in this trial. Maximum feeding and functional response of the predatory bird against the migratory locust were determined. Research protocol followed Hollingâs model. Results showed that the maximum feeding of the predatory bird was very high i.e. against 2nd and 4th instars and adult of the locust were 123,8 preys/45 minute, 28,6 preys/215 minute, and 12,25 preys/137 minute; respectively. The relationship between predatory bird and migratory locust fitted with the Hollingâ type 2 functional response. High efficiency of the bird predation was showed by its feeding rate for 2nd and 4th instars and adult of the locust i.e. 0.0169, 0.0079 and 0.0094 preys/minute. The high feeding rate and strong functional response of the predatory bird revealed that the bird is promissing as a candidate of biological control agent against the migratory locust.
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