Pemanfaatan minyak biji jarak pagar (Jatropha curcas L.) sebagai insektisida nabati terhadap mortalitas larva Spodoptera litura F. (ulat grayak)
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Institusion
Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang
Author
Khasanah, Anis Rokhmatun
Subject
060704 Plant Pathology
Datestamp
2015-08-06 00:55:32
Abstract :
INDONESIA: Aplikasi insektisida kimia sintetik dapat menimbulkan berbagai dampak negatif antara lain: resistensi hama, resurjensi, munculnya hama sekunder, pencemaran tanah, meracuni pemakai, serta meracuni inang. Minyak biji jarak pagar (J. curcas) mengandung senyawa kimia antara lain kursin, forbol ester, trigliserida, senyawa alkaloid. Penelitian ini dilakukan bertujuan untuk, (1) mengetahui pengaruh pemberian berbagai konsentrasi larutan minyak biji jarak pagar (J. curcas) aksesi IP 2M dan IP 2A terhadap mortalitas larva S. litura, (2) mengetahui konsentrasi larutan minyak biji jarak pagar (J. curcas) yang efektif mempengaruhi mortalitas S. litura, (3) mengetahui waktu yang paling efektif meningkatkan mortalitas larva S. litura, (4) mengetahui interaksi antara konsentrasi insektisida nabati minyak biji jarak pagar (J. curcas) dan aksesi, serta (5) mengetahui pengaruh efek lanjutan pemberian insektisida minyak biji jarak pagar (J. curcas) aksesi IP 2M dan IP 2A terhadap pertumbuhan S. litura. Penelitian dilakukan di Laboratorium Entomologi Balai Penelitian Tanaman Tembakau dan Serat (BALITTAS) Karangploso-Malang, bulan Mei-Agustus 2010. Jenis penelitian ini adalah eksperimen faktorial menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok dengan 3 kali ulangan, tiap ulangan terdiri dari 50 ekor larva. Perlakuan terdiri atas 2 aksesi yaitu jarak pagar aksesi IP (Inprof Population) 2M dan IP (Inprof Population) 2A yang diperoleh dari kebun induk jarak pagar Kp. Asembagus dan Kp. Muktiharjo), dengan berbagai konsentrasi yaitu: (1) kontrol air, (2) kontrol air+detergen (3) 5 ml MJP+1 gr detergen/1 L air, (4) 10 ml MJP+1gr detergen /1 L air, (5) 20 ml MJP+1 gr detergen /1 L air, (6) 40 ml MJP+1 gr detergen /1 L air, (7) 80 ml MJP+1 gr detergen /1 L air. Variabel pengamatan meliputi mortalitas, berat pre pupa dan pupa, jumlah telur dan telur tetas. Pengamatan mortalitas dilakukan tiap 24 jam, 48 jam, 72 jam, 96 jam, 120 jam setelah penyemprotan. Hasil pengamatan menunjukkan, insektisida minyak biji jarak pagar (J. curcas) berpengaruh terhadap mortalitas larva S. litura, konsentrasi yang efektif terhadap mortalitas larva yaitu 40 ml pada 120 jam setelah penyemprotan dengan rata-rata mortalitas IP 2M=64 % dan IP 2A=66 %, tidak ada interaksi antara aksesi dan konsentrasi, kandungan bahan kimia dalam insektisida minyak biji jarak pagar dapat menurunkan bobot pre pupa dan pupa serta menurunkan jumlah telur dan daya tetas telur. ENGLISH: The application of synthetic chemical insecticides can cause various negative impacts include: pest resistance, resurjensi, the emergence of secondary pests, soil pollution, poisoned user, and poison the host. Jatropha seed oil (J. curcas) contains chemical compounds such as kursin, forbol esters, triglycerides, alkaloid compounds. This research was carried out aimed to, (1) know the effect of various concentrations of oil seed jatropha (J. curcas) accession 2M IP and IP 2A on mortality of larvae of S. litura, (2) know the solution concentration of oil seed jatropha (J. curcas), which effectively influence the mortality of S. litura, (3) know the time that is most effective in improving mortality of larvae of S. litura, (4) understand the interaction between insecticide concentration of vegetable oil seed jatropha (J. curcas) and accession, and (5) the effect of continued effects of insecticide seed oil Jatropha (J. curcas) accession 2M IP and IP 2A on growth S. litura. Research conducted at the Laboratory of Entomology Research Institute for Tobacco and Fiber Crops (BALITTAS) Karangploso-Malang, May-August 2010. The study was a factorial experiment using a randomized block design with 3 replications, each replication consisting of 50 fish larvae. The treatment consisted of two accessions of Jatropha accessions IP (Inprof Population) 2M and IP (Inprof Population) 2A obtained from the parent farm jatropha Kp. Asembagus and Kp. Muktiharjo), with various concentrations: (1) water control, (2) control water + detergent (3) 5 ml MJP +1 g detergent / 1 L water, (4) 10 ml MJP +1 g detergent / 1 L water, (5) 20 ml MJP +1 g detergent / 1 L water, (6) 40 ml MJP +1 g detergent / 1 L water, (7) 80 ml MJP +1 g detergent / 1 L water. Observed variables include mortality, severe pre-pupae and pupae, the number of eggs and hatching eggs. Mortality observations were carried out every 24 hours, 48 hours, 72 hours, 96 hours, 120 hours after spraying. The results showed, insecticide seed oil jatropha (J. curcas) affect the mortality of larvae of S. litura, the effective concentration on mortality of larvae is 40 ml at 120 hours after spraying with an average mortality 2M = 64% IP and IP 2A = 66%, there is no interaction between accession and concentration, the chemical content of jatropha seed oil insecticide to reduce weight and pre-pupae and pupae reduced the number of eggs and hatching eggs.
INDONESIA: Aplikasi insektisida kimia sintetik dapat menimbulkan berbagai dampak negatif antara lain: resistensi hama, resurjensi, munculnya hama sekunder, pencemaran tanah, meracuni pemakai, serta meracuni inang. Minyak biji jarak pagar (J. curcas) mengandung senyawa kimia antara lain kursin, forbol ester, trigliserida, senyawa alkaloid. Penelitian ini dilakukan bertujuan untuk, (1) mengetahui pengaruh pemberian berbagai konsentrasi larutan minyak biji jarak pagar (J. curcas) aksesi IP 2M dan IP 2A terhadap mortalitas larva S. litura, (2) mengetahui konsentrasi larutan minyak biji jarak pagar (J. curcas) yang efektif mempengaruhi mortalitas S. litura, (3) mengetahui waktu yang paling efektif meningkatkan mortalitas larva S. litura, (4) mengetahui interaksi antara konsentrasi insektisida nabati minyak biji jarak pagar (J. curcas) dan aksesi, serta (5) mengetahui pengaruh efek lanjutan pemberian insektisida minyak biji jarak pagar (J. curcas) aksesi IP 2M dan IP 2A terhadap pertumbuhan S. litura. Penelitian dilakukan di Laboratorium Entomologi Balai Penelitian Tanaman Tembakau dan Serat (BALITTAS) Karangploso-Malang, bulan Mei-Agustus 2010. Jenis penelitian ini adalah eksperimen faktorial menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok dengan 3 kali ulangan, tiap ulangan terdiri dari 50 ekor larva. Perlakuan terdiri atas 2 aksesi yaitu jarak pagar aksesi IP (Inprof Population) 2M dan IP (Inprof Population) 2A yang diperoleh dari kebun induk jarak pagar Kp. Asembagus dan Kp. Muktiharjo), dengan berbagai konsentrasi yaitu: (1) kontrol air, (2) kontrol air+detergen (3) 5 ml MJP+1 gr detergen/1 L air, (4) 10 ml MJP+1gr detergen /1 L air, (5) 20 ml MJP+1 gr detergen /1 L air, (6) 40 ml MJP+1 gr detergen /1 L air, (7) 80 ml MJP+1 gr detergen /1 L air. Variabel pengamatan meliputi mortalitas, berat pre pupa dan pupa, jumlah telur dan telur tetas. Pengamatan mortalitas dilakukan tiap 24 jam, 48 jam, 72 jam, 96 jam, 120 jam setelah penyemprotan. Hasil pengamatan menunjukkan, insektisida minyak biji jarak pagar (J. curcas) berpengaruh terhadap mortalitas larva S. litura, konsentrasi yang efektif terhadap mortalitas larva yaitu 40 ml pada 120 jam setelah penyemprotan dengan rata-rata mortalitas IP 2M=64 % dan IP 2A=66 %, tidak ada interaksi antara aksesi dan konsentrasi, kandungan bahan kimia dalam insektisida minyak biji jarak pagar dapat menurunkan bobot pre pupa dan pupa serta menurunkan jumlah telur dan daya tetas telur. ENGLISH: The application of synthetic chemical insecticides can cause various negative impacts include: pest resistance, resurjensi, the emergence of secondary pests, soil pollution, poisoned user, and poison the host. Jatropha seed oil (J. curcas) contains chemical compounds such as kursin, forbol esters, triglycerides, alkaloid compounds. This research was carried out aimed to, (1) know the effect of various concentrations of oil seed jatropha (J. curcas) accession 2M IP and IP 2A on mortality of larvae of S. litura, (2) know the solution concentration of oil seed jatropha (J. curcas), which effectively influence the mortality of S. litura, (3) know the time that is most effective in improving mortality of larvae of S. litura, (4) understand the interaction between insecticide concentration of vegetable oil seed jatropha (J. curcas) and accession, and (5) the effect of continued effects of insecticide seed oil Jatropha (J. curcas) accession 2M IP and IP 2A on growth S. litura. Research conducted at the Laboratory of Entomology Research Institute for Tobacco and Fiber Crops (BALITTAS) Karangploso-Malang, May-August 2010. The study was a factorial experiment using a randomized block design with 3 replications, each replication consisting of 50 fish larvae. The treatment consisted of two accessions of Jatropha accessions IP (Inprof Population) 2M and IP (Inprof Population) 2A obtained from the parent farm jatropha Kp. Asembagus and Kp. Muktiharjo), with various concentrations: (1) water control, (2) control water + detergent (3) 5 ml MJP +1 g detergent / 1 L water, (4) 10 ml MJP +1 g detergent / 1 L water, (5) 20 ml MJP +1 g detergent / 1 L water, (6) 40 ml MJP +1 g detergent / 1 L water, (7) 80 ml MJP +1 g detergent / 1 L water. Observed variables include mortality, severe pre-pupae and pupae, the number of eggs and hatching eggs. Mortality observations were carried out every 24 hours, 48 hours, 72 hours, 96 hours, 120 hours after spraying. The results showed, insecticide seed oil jatropha (J. curcas) affect the mortality of larvae of S. litura, the effective concentration on mortality of larvae is 40 ml at 120 hours after spraying with an average mortality 2M = 64% IP and IP 2A = 66%, there is no interaction between accession and concentration, the chemical content of jatropha seed oil insecticide to reduce weight and pre-pupae and pupae reduced the number of eggs and hatching eggs.
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