Abstract :
ABSTRACT
Wiraswasti, Nofita Dian. 2010. Communication Strategies Applied by Public
Speaking Class of English Literature Program at English Department,
Semarang State University. Final Project. English Education Program,
Faculty of Languages and Art, Semarang State University. Supervisors: I.
Widhiyanto, S.Pd, M.Pd., II. Drs. Ahmad Sofwan, Ph.D.
Key words : Communication Strategies, Public Speaking, English Literature
Program
In any profession, people who give effective communication, especially
oral communication through public speaking, rapidly gain reputation as being
competent and articulate, because of their ability in delivering the speech in front
of public. In Public Speaking class, the students are learning how to be a good
public speaker. They are doing role as Master of Ceremony, being a moderator
and delivering a speech. However, most of the students sometimes face some
difficulties when delivering the public speaking. This is due to their insufficient
knowledge of communicative competence. They still have lack of knowledge how
to make their public speaking run smoothly although they have enough messages
to deliver.
The objectives of this study are to reveal what communication strategies
applied by the public speaking class of English Literature Program of Semarang
State University and to find out the dominant communication strategies when
delivering the public speaking.
I used qualitative approach, because it just gave most attention to the way
the students delivered their public speaking verbally and non-verbally and how
they used communication strategies as they encountered communication
breakdown in delivering public speaking. I obtained the data in form of video of
public speaking performance conducted by the students. Then I transcribed the
data and gave interpretation about the communication strategies applied by the
public speaking students. The population of this study is the students of Public
Speaking class of English Literature Program in the academic year of 2010. The
numbers of sample in this research are seven (7) students representing fifty one
(51) students. The method of analyzing data based on the suggested components
of communication strategies proposed by Celce Murcia et al (1995), for the reason
of its specification and newness.
The result indicated the use of 9,43% non-linguistic means, 5,66%
restructuring, 1,88% literal translation, 24,52% code switching, 1,88 % retrieval,
54,71 % fillers, hesitation devices and gambits, 1,88 % self initiated repair, 1, 88
% meaning negotiation strategies. Based on the analysis report, the students
preferred using fillers, hesitation devices and gambits to the other strategies. The
students tended to use that strategy it looked like easier for students to apply that
strategy than the others. They tried to stall the time by uttering: ?well, err?, ok,
etc?. On the other hand, no one used avoidance or reduction strategies that consist
of message abandonment, topic avoidance and message replacement. This is
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because most of the students did monologue public speaking that minimized them
to make any direct interactions with their interlocutor. Also, most of the students
did the public speaking performance in well preparation. They prepared
everything that they were going to convey; about the kind of public speaking they
want to choose whether being a Master of Ceremony, deliver a speech or being a
moderator, the content of public speaking they want to deliver, and also the
occasion they want to conduct. The students were allowed to use small notes
while they were delivering the public speaking, so that it decreased the possibility
of using any reduction or avoidance strategies.
The suggestion that would be considered in teaching public speaking was
that the lecturer should encourage students to be willing to take risks and use
communication strategies to the learners since it will help them being articulate
and also provide L2 models of the use of certain communication strategies