Pengaruh Penambahan Selulosa Mikrokristal dari Serat Ijuk dan Plasticizer Gliserol Terhadap Karakteristik Bioplastik dari Pati Biji Alpukat (Persea Americana mill)
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Institusion
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Author
Sartika, Mora
Subject
Pati
Datestamp
2018-12-17 07:52:04
Abstract :
The effect of microcrystalline cellulose from sugar palm fibers and glycerol addition on the characteristic of bioplastic from avocado seed starch (Persea Americana mill) was aimed to determine the most optimum mass and volume of microcrystalline cellulose and glycerol in producing bioplastics.. Sugar palm fibers was undergoing alkali treatment, bleaching process, and hydrocloric acid hydrolysis before microcrystalline cellulose can be produced. Delignification stage carried out by soaking the sugar palm fiber with 17.5% NaOH solution to produce ?-cellulose, then ?-cellulose soaked with NaOCl 3.5% at boiling temperatures. Furthermore, ?- hydrolyzed ?-cellulose in a solution of HCl 2.5 N to produce microcrystalline cellulose. Bioplastic was succesfully fabricated through solution casting technique. Bioplastics were prepared from avocado seed starch and reinforced with microcrystalline cellulose from sugar palm fibers with composition ratio were 6:4; 7: 3, 8: 2, and 9: 1 (w/w) and using glycerol as plasticizer with variation of 0.1; 0.2; 0.3 and 0.4 (v/w of starch). Microcrystalline cellulose dissolved in a solution of NaOH 5% (w/v) before mixed into the plasticized starch. The characterization of microcrystalline cellulose include the characterization using the instrument Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) are each conducted to determine the molecular structure, index of crystallinity, and morphology of microcrystalline cellulose produced. The characterization of bioplastics include the characterization of tensile strength, elongation at break properties, functional group analysis by Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), morphological analysis by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and biodegradation testing. In this research, the microcrystalline cellulose crystallinity index produced was 97.5% with a crystal diameter of 25.08 nm. Morphologycal analysis using Scanning Electron Microscope showed that the isolated microcrystalline cellulose from sugar palm fibers are rod-like shape with diameter of 5.55-9.44 ?m and crystallite size of 25.08 nm. Mechanical properties of bioplastic were determined by tensile strength and elongation at break. From the analysis, the best condition of bioplastics obtained at comparison of mass starch-microcrystalline cellulose 7 : 3 and the addition of glycerol 0.2 (v/w) for tensile strength of 2.74 MPa and elongation at break of 3.16%.
The effect of microcrystalline cellulose from sugar palm fibers and glycerol addition on the characteristic of bioplastic from avocado seed starch (Persea Americana mill) was aimed to determine the most optimum mass and volume of microcrystalline cellulose and glycerol in producing bioplastics.. Sugar palm fibers was undergoing alkali treatment, bleaching process, and hydrocloric acid hydrolysis before microcrystalline cellulose can be produced. Delignification stage carried out by soaking the sugar palm fiber with 17.5% NaOH solution to produce ?-cellulose, then ?-cellulose soaked with NaOCl 3.5% at boiling temperatures. Furthermore, ?- hydrolyzed ?-cellulose in a solution of HCl 2.5 N to produce microcrystalline cellulose. Bioplastic was succesfully fabricated through solution casting technique. Bioplastics were prepared from avocado seed starch and reinforced with microcrystalline cellulose from sugar palm fibers with composition ratio were 6:4; 7: 3, 8: 2, and 9: 1 (w/w) and using glycerol as plasticizer with variation of 0.1; 0.2; 0.3 and 0.4 (v/w of starch). Microcrystalline cellulose dissolved in a solution of NaOH 5% (w/v) before mixed into the plasticized starch. The characterization of microcrystalline cellulose include the characterization using the instrument Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) are each conducted to determine the molecular structure, index of crystallinity, and morphology of microcrystalline cellulose produced. The characterization of bioplastics include the characterization of tensile strength, elongation at break properties, functional group analysis by Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), morphological analysis by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and biodegradation testing. In this research, the microcrystalline cellulose crystallinity index produced was 97.5% with a crystal diameter of 25.08 nm. Morphologycal analysis using Scanning Electron Microscope showed that the isolated microcrystalline cellulose from sugar palm fibers are rod-like shape with diameter of 5.55-9.44 ?m and crystallite size of 25.08 nm. Mechanical properties of bioplastic were determined by tensile strength and elongation at break. From the analysis, the best condition of bioplastics obtained at comparison of mass starch-microcrystalline cellulose 7 : 3 and the addition of glycerol 0.2 (v/w) for tensile strength of 2.74 MPa and elongation at break of 3.16%.
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