Profil Kasus Pasien Demam Berdarah Dengue (DBD) Anak yang Menjalani Rawat Inap Sebelum dan Selama Pandemi Covid-19 di Rumah Sakit Umum UKI
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Institusion
Universitas Kristen Indonesia
Author
Angelina, Levina
Subject
Child health. Child health services
Datestamp
2023-06-23 07:45:28
Abstract :
Gejala umum demam berdarah dengue (DBD) adalah demam tinggi, muntah dan mual, nyeri perut, epitaksis, dan melena. Usia < 15 tahun adalah kelompok usia terbanyak yang terinfeksi. Selama pandemi Covid-19, pengendalian dan pencegahan DBD menjadi tertunda akibat kondisi lockdown, kontak manusia?vektor dengue meningkat, dan persamaan manifestasi klinis memberikan tantangan bagi tenaga kesehatan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui profil kasus pasien DBD anak di RSU UKI sebelum dan selama pandemi Covid-19 dengan harapan pencegahan dan diagnosis awal penyakit DBD. Jenis penelitian ini adalah kombinasi penelitian deskriptif retrospektif dan analitik observasional desain cross-sectional, menggunakan rekam medik. Pada tahun 2018?2021 dengan total sampling didapatkan 111 sampel. Variabel penelitian yang dominan untuk periode sebelum pandemi Covid-19 yaitu usia 12-17 tahun (55,9%), laki-laki (54,5%), lama rawat inap ? 4 hari (42,6%), demam tinggi (100%), derajat DBD I (75%), jumlah trombosit ? 100,000/µL (55,9%), kadar hematokrit ? 35% (86,8%), dan tidak dilakukan pemeriksaan antigen protein non-struktural 1 (NS1) dengue (95,6%). Sedangkan untuk periode selama pandemi Covid-19 yaitu usia 12-17 tahun (55,8%), laki-laki (67,4%), lama rawat inap > 4 hari (48,8%), demam tinggi (100%), derajat DBD I (58,1%), jumlah trombosit < 100,000/µL (65,1%), kadar hematokrit ? 35% (83,7%), dan tidak dilakukan pemeriksaan antigen protein non-struktural 1 (NS1) dengue (93%). Berdasarkan analisis bivariat, didapatkan p-value untuk hubungan jumlah trombosit dengan lama rawat inap sebesar 0,276 sebelum pandemi Covid-19 dan 0,019 selama pandemi Covid-19. Sedangkan p-value untuk hubungan kadar hematokrit dengan lama rawat inap sebesar 0,183 sebelum pandemi Covid-19 dan 0,241 selama pandemi Covid-19./ Common symptoms of dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) are high fever, vomiting and nausea, abdominal pain, epistaxis, and melena. Age < 15 years is the most infected age group. During the Covid-19 pandemic, DHF control and prevention were delayed due to lockdown conditions, human-dengue vector contact increased, and the similarity of clinical manifestations posed a challenge for health workers. This study aims to determine the case profile of pediatric DHF patients at UKI General Hospital before and during the Covid-19 pandemic with the hope of prevention and early diagnosis of DHF. This type of research is a combination of retrospective descriptive and analytic observational crosssectional designs, using medical records. In 2018-2021 with a total sampling, 111 samples were obtained. The dominant research variables for the period before the Covid-19 pandemic were age 12-17 years (55.9%), male (54.5%), length of stay ? 4 days (42.6%), high fever (100%), DHF I degree (75%), platelet count ? 100,000/µL (55.9%), hematocrit level ? 35% (86.8%), and non-structural protein antigen 1 (NS1) examination was not performed dengue (95.6%). As for the period during the Covid-19 pandemic, namely 12-17 years old (55.8%), male (67.4%), length of stay > 4 days (48.8%), high fever (100%), DHF I degree (58.1%), platelet count < 100,000/µL (65.1%), hematocrit level ? 35% (83.7%), and dengue non-structural protein antigen 1 (NS1) examination was not performed (93%). Based on bivariate analysis, the p-value for the relationship between platelet count and length of stay was 0.276 before the Covid-19 pandemic and 0.019 during the Covid-19 pandemic. Meanwhile, the p-value for the relationship between hematocrit levels and length of stay was 0.183 before the Covid-19 pandemic and 0.241 during the Covid-19 pandemic.
Gejala umum demam berdarah dengue (DBD) adalah demam tinggi, muntah dan mual, nyeri perut, epitaksis, dan melena. Usia < 15 tahun adalah kelompok usia terbanyak yang terinfeksi. Selama pandemi Covid-19, pengendalian dan pencegahan DBD menjadi tertunda akibat kondisi lockdown, kontak manusia?vektor dengue meningkat, dan persamaan manifestasi klinis memberikan tantangan bagi tenaga kesehatan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui profil kasus pasien DBD anak di RSU UKI sebelum dan selama pandemi Covid-19 dengan harapan pencegahan dan diagnosis awal penyakit DBD. Jenis penelitian ini adalah kombinasi penelitian deskriptif retrospektif dan analitik observasional desain cross-sectional, menggunakan rekam medik. Pada tahun 2018?2021 dengan total sampling didapatkan 111 sampel. Variabel penelitian yang dominan untuk periode sebelum pandemi Covid-19 yaitu usia 12-17 tahun (55,9%), laki-laki (54,5%), lama rawat inap ? 4 hari (42,6%), demam tinggi (100%), derajat DBD I (75%), jumlah trombosit ? 100,000/µL (55,9%), kadar hematokrit ? 35% (86,8%), dan tidak dilakukan pemeriksaan antigen protein non-struktural 1 (NS1) dengue (95,6%). Sedangkan untuk periode selama pandemi Covid-19 yaitu usia 12-17 tahun (55,8%), laki-laki (67,4%), lama rawat inap > 4 hari (48,8%), demam tinggi (100%), derajat DBD I (58,1%), jumlah trombosit < 100,000/µL (65,1%), kadar hematokrit ? 35% (83,7%), dan tidak dilakukan pemeriksaan antigen protein non-struktural 1 (NS1) dengue (93%). Berdasarkan analisis bivariat, didapatkan p-value untuk hubungan jumlah trombosit dengan lama rawat inap sebesar 0,276 sebelum pandemi Covid-19 dan 0,019 selama pandemi Covid-19. Sedangkan p-value untuk hubungan kadar hematokrit dengan lama rawat inap sebesar 0,183 sebelum pandemi Covid-19 dan 0,241 selama pandemi Covid-19./ Common symptoms of dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) are high fever, vomiting and nausea, abdominal pain, epistaxis, and melena. Age < 15 years is the most infected age group. During the Covid-19 pandemic, DHF control and prevention were delayed due to lockdown conditions, human-dengue vector contact increased, and the similarity of clinical manifestations posed a challenge for health workers. This study aims to determine the case profile of pediatric DHF patients at UKI General Hospital before and during the Covid-19 pandemic with the hope of prevention and early diagnosis of DHF. This type of research is a combination of retrospective descriptive and analytic observational crosssectional designs, using medical records. In 2018-2021 with a total sampling, 111 samples were obtained. The dominant research variables for the period before the Covid-19 pandemic were age 12-17 years (55.9%), male (54.5%), length of stay ? 4 days (42.6%), high fever (100%), DHF I degree (75%), platelet count ? 100,000/µL (55.9%), hematocrit level ? 35% (86.8%), and non-structural protein antigen 1 (NS1) examination was not performed dengue (95.6%). As for the period during the Covid-19 pandemic, namely 12-17 years old (55.8%), male (67.4%), length of stay > 4 days (48.8%), high fever (100%), DHF I degree (58.1%), platelet count < 100,000/µL (65.1%), hematocrit level ? 35% (83.7%), and dengue non-structural protein antigen 1 (NS1) examination was not performed (93%). Based on bivariate analysis, the p-value for the relationship between platelet count and length of stay was 0.276 before the Covid-19 pandemic and 0.019 during the Covid-19 pandemic. Meanwhile, the p-value for the relationship between hematocrit levels and length of stay was 0.183 before the Covid-19 pandemic and 0.241 during the Covid-19 pandemic.
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